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The most useful electronic schematic symbols

These schematic symbols were created using ProSchematic a super easy to use schematic drawing tool (schematic capture tool).

Note: Passive devices are devices that do not change or amplify voltage or current when another parameter is altered i.e. they react the same way and when a voltage or current (ac or dc) is applied a constant output is observed e.g. a resistor, capacitor, inductior, diode.

Note: Active devices are the opposite of passive i.e. they alter their behaviour due to another parameter usualy to amplify (e.g. transistor) but also act as a controlled switch (e.g. thyristor). Another example is the resistance of a fet changing when the gate voltage changes.

Schematic symbols for passive devices:

Resistors

Thermistor   or temperature dependent resistor

Presets Those three pin skeleton things that never fit into veroboard and you end up soldering veropins and piggybacking the thing on top! Really the same as a variable resistor with no case and much smaller.

Variable resistors Proper panel mount units with a  metal or plastic spindle - plastic is easier to cut.

Light dependent resistor

Capacitors

Electrolytic capacitors These contain a electrolyte solution and when placed the wrong way round generally explode.  These are also the symbols for tantalum which when placed the wrong way round generally smoke!

Variable capacitors These are the ones on a transistor radio 265pF (or larger for older radios).

Preset or trimmer capacitors These are miniature capacitors either with overlapping vanes (small round) ~65pF or a single plate that is rasied of the other with a  screw.

Inductor

Diode

Zener Diode

Diac

Bell

Buzzer

Fuse

Lamp

Loudspeaker

Microphone

Transformer

Crystal

LED

Light detecting diode

Volt bar (power supply)

Chassis GND

Normally open switch

Normally closed switch

Switch SPDT

Schematic symbols for active devices:

NPN,PNP transistior

FET N,P channel

MOSFET N,P channel

Darlington

Thyristor

Triac

Xenon tube

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